调解处理集体争议更有效吗?——个别争议和集体争议调解效果差异的实证研究

Is Mediation More Effective for Resolving Collective Disputes?An Empirical Research on the Difference of Mediation Outcome between Individual Disputes and Collective Disputes

调解作为处理劳动争议的重要方式,在解决个别争议和集体争议时都发挥着重要作用,但调解处理个别争议和集体争议的效果是否存在差异,尚未得到充分的研究。本文基于冲突管理系统理论和权力依赖理论,运用北京市六方联动调解中心2011-2015年的劳动争议案件数据,实证研究个别争议和集体争议调解效果的差异。结果发现,调解处理集体争议的效果更好,主要表现在集体争议比个别争议处理的时间更短,劳动者的让步程度更低,其深层次的原因在于我国政府对个别争议和集体争议处理目标的差异。

As an important way to resolve labor dispute, mediation plays an essential role in resolving individual disputes and collective disputes. However, whether it exists difference of mediation outcome between them is still in question. On the basis of conflict management system theory and power dependence theory, this paper uses the labor disputes cases of Beijing six party jointly mediation center from 2011 to 2015 to empirically analyze the difference of mediation outcome between individual disputes and collective disputes. The ?ndings show that mediation performs better in resolving collective disputes. Specifically, it costs less time to mediate collective dispute than individual disputes. The employee makes less concession in the collective disputes. The reason lies in the difference of government goal in dealing with individual and collective disputes.