基于地理学视角的快速城市化地区空间冲突测度——以长株潭城市群地区为例

The Analysis of Spatial Conflict Measurement in Fast Urbanization Region from the Perspective of Geography—A Case Study of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration

空间冲突是源于空间资源的稀缺性和空间功能外溢性的一种客观地理现象,是在人地关系作用过程中伴随空间资源竞争而产生的空间资源分配过程中的对立现象。地理学视角下空间冲突的基本指向在于不同类型的地理空间在结构比例、空间组合以及相互转化过程中的不协调。基于此,论文借鉴景观生态指数理论与方法,构建空间类型冲突指数(STC)、空间格局冲突指数(SSC)以及空间过程冲突指数(SPC),并明确其内涵及计算方法,并选择长株潭城市群进行实证区测度与验证,实证分析结论与实际情况吻合,进一步说明了空间冲突指数构建的科学性及其地理学意义。

Spatial conflict is a kind of objective geographical phenomena, which is due to the scarcity of spatial resources and spillover of spatial function. It is an opposite phenomena associated with the resource allocation and competition in the process of human-land interaction. Geographic space is the basic object of research on geography, spatial pattern and process has been the core content of geographical research, the spatial conflict is the result as well as an influencing factor of spatial process, and it is also reflected in the spatial pattern. From the perspective of geography the basic point of space conflict is the disharmony of proportion structure, spatial pattern and mutual transformation process between different types of geographic space. Based on this, referring to landscape ecology index theory and method, identifying the connotation and calculating methods, and choosing Changsha-Zhuzhou- Xiangtan(Chang- Zhu- Tan) urban agglomeration to take the verification, the results showed that: 1) The spatial conflict index is the quantized index used to measure space conflict intensity, speed of changes and direction. It is an important basis of evaluation for spatial conflict risk, revealing the mechanism of the formation and evolution of spatial conflict.Based on the direction of geography, the types of spatial index can be divided into spatial type conflict index(STC), spatial structure conflict index(SSC) and spatial process conflict index(SPC). 2) It has been concluded from the test of spatial conflict index on Chang-ZhuTan urban agglomeration that the total spatial structure is barely reasonable. The spatial conflict has not happened yet, but the speed of transformation from un-constructional space to constructional space is too fast. Because the limited agriculture space, and irrational distribution of some districts especially industrial districts, conflict of spatial type and process has been emerged. Even in some units the space conflict has exceeded the upper limit threshold,where there is a large possibility for the happening of spatial conflict risk. Additionally, patterns of spatial conflicts present urban-rural gradient changes, and the spatial type conflict in city area is prominent, while the districts with serious spatial pattern and process conflict mainly are distributed in the suburbs or mutual connection of Chang-Zhu-Tan. After verification, the conclusions of empirical analysis are basically consistent with the actual situation,which further explains that the construction of spatial conflict index is scientific and has geographical significance.