江苏省农业旅游发展演化研究

Research on Evolution of Agritourism in Jiangsu Province

发展农业旅游是推动农村经济发展、优化农业产业结构、拓宽农民增收渠道和改善农村生态环境的有效途径。基于已有研究,以439个星级农业旅游景点和102件农业旅游节庆活动为研究变量,运用偏离份额法来动态分析和比较2000—2006年和2006—2012年江苏省农业旅游发展演化状况,结果表明:2000—2012年星级农业旅游景点和农业旅游节庆活动均为推动江苏省农业旅游发展的贡献要素;星级农业旅游景点是地区农业旅游吸引力最重要的内容,对区域农业旅游发展起主导作用,且其贡献率呈不断上升趋势;相对于提升农业旅游竞争力的贡献,农业旅游节庆活动对优化农业旅游资源结构贡献更突出,成为苏中和苏北农业旅游资源富矿区实现农业旅游综合发展的新突破。基于动态偏离份额分析结果,将江苏省农业旅游发展划分为农业旅游优势发展型、农业旅游滞后发展型、农业旅游结构突破型和农业旅游竞争突破型4类。通过类型演化分析得到:2000—2012年江苏省各地农业旅游均有所发展,但地区间农业旅游发展速度存在较大差异,苏北和苏中地区发展相对迅速,后发优势明显,苏南地区发展相对滞后,但仍保持了在全省农业旅游发展中的重心地位。最后,针对江苏省农业旅游发展状况从资源开发、统筹发展、社会参与等方面提出今后提升建议。

Development of agritourism is the effective way to promote the rural economy,optimize the agricultural structure, increase farmers' income and improve the rural ecological environment. Based on the existing researches, the paper takes 439 star level agricultural tourist attractions and 102 agricultural tourism festival activities as the research variables, and studies and compares the evolution of agritourism in Jiangsu Province by shift- share method during2000-2012. The results show that agritourism spots and farming festivals play positive roles in promoting the agritourism during 2000- 2012 in Jiangsu Province, and they are all the factors contributing to the development of agricultural tourism in Jiangsu Province. Star level agricultural tourist spots are the most important content of agricultural tourism attractions,leading the regional agricultural tourism, and the proportion of their contribution is increasing;With respect to enhance agricultural tourism competitiveness with activities, the contribution of agricultural tourism festival to the structural optimization of agricultural tourism resources is more prominent than that to the agricultural tourism competitiveness, and become a new way to comprehensively develope the agricultural tourism in middle and north of Jiangsu where agricultural tourism resource is abundant. Based on the results of the dynamic shift- share method, the paper divides the development of agritourism in Jiangsu Province into four types:agricultural tourism resource abundant and advanced developed area, agricultural tourism resource scare and lagged developed area, area advantage in agricultural tourism structure, and area advantage in agricultural tourism competitiveness. It is concluded that agritourism was improved in the whole Jiangsu Province during 2000- 2012, but there was great regional difference. The development of agritourism is rapid in the northern and middle region of Jiangsu Province, and their advantages are obvious; the development of agritourism in south Jiangsu Province is relative slow, but it kept the core role of agricultural tourism in Jiangsu Province. Finally, the paper puts suggestions on the resources exploration, operation and management, and public participation of the agritourism.