闽三角城市群自然资本损失评估

Evaluation on natural capital loss in Southern Fujian Urban Agglomeration

在快速城镇化进程中,城市群发展在促进区域经济竞争与合作的同时,也在一定程度上造成人地关系矛盾的加剧,生态系统服务水平下降。为了量化城镇化对自然资本产生的变动,揭示人类资源消耗过程对区域生态系统服务的影响机制,以快速城镇化的典型区域——闽三角城市群为例,运用能值分析方法与GIS技术,分析了2000-2015年闽三角城市群可更新资源时空演变特征,城镇化进程中生态环境价值演变规律以及土地转化过程中的自然资本损失。研究结果表明:(1)闽三角城市群可更新资源在时间上呈波动减小趋势,空间上自沿海区域向内陆区域逐渐升高;(2)高环境质量等级中城镇用地面积占比呈显著增加趋势,由0增加到10.63%,人类活动导致区域生态环境价值的损失逐渐上升;(3)城镇化过程中由于城市空间扩张,使部分自然用地与农业用地转化为城镇用地,转化过程造成的自然资本损失总量为1.27×1022seJ,货币价值超过6.30×109元。研究有助于完善城镇化影响下的生态环境效应研究,为城市群或区域生态环境管理与修复提供决策参考。

In the process of rapid urbanization,urban agglomeration development was promoting regional economic competition and cooperation,but also causing the intensification of contradictions between human and land,decline of ecosystem services level to a certain extent.In order to quantify the impact of urbanization on natural capital and reveal the influence mechanism of ecosystem service in human resource consumption process.In this study,Southern Fujian Urban Agglomeration(SFUA)is taken as an example,which is the typical rapidly urbanized area,emergy analysis method and GIS technology are used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolutions of renewable resources in the SFUA from 2000 to 2015,the evolution of eco-environment value and natural capital loss in the process of urbanization and land conversion.The results show that:(1)The renewable resources of SFUA presented a fluctuant decreasing trend in time,and gradually increasing trend in space;(2)The area proportion of urban land presented a significant increase trend in high environmental quality level,increased from 0 to 10.63%,the loss of regional eco-environment value caused by human activities was gradually rising;(3)Due to urbanization in the process of urban expansion,part of the natural land and agricultural land was converted to urban land,the total loss of natural capital caused by the conversion was 1.27E+22 seJ,and the currency value was more than 6.3billion yuan.This study can help improve the research of eco-environmental effects due to urbanization,and provide decision-making reference for the urban agglomeration or regional eco-environment management and restoration.