省级电网温室气体排放因子研究

Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for Grid Electricity for Chinese Provinces

火力发电是我国温室气体排放量最大的部门,为有效控制该部门排放,应从生产和消费两个环节采取措施。准确核算电力消费引起的温室气体间接排放量是消费端减排的基础,其中电网排放因子会直接影响核算结果。本文总结分析了国内外相关电网温室气体排放因子研究,在已有的区域电网排放因子基础上,结合省级电网电力来源特点,提出了省级电网温室气体排放因子计算方法,以2010年为例计算得出各省电网因子,与区域电网因子进行对比分析,并估算了不同电网因子对核算各省调入电力间接排放的影响。结果表明,2010年省级电网因子与区域电网因子的差距在-67.4%~51.6%,不同电网因子核算得出的各省调入电力间接排放量相差-60.7%~50.2%。与区域电网因子相比,省级电网因子核算结果更为准确,因此更适合用于估算电力间接排放。

Thermal power is the largest greenhouse gas emission(GHG)sector in China and accounts for 40% of China's total CO2emissions. In order to control emissions effectively,measures should be taken from both production and consumption aspects. A fundamental role in emission reductions from consumption is to estimate indirect emissions accurately from electricity consumption. GHG emission factors for grid electricity will greatly affect the amount of indirect emissions,but studies on emission factors for grid electricity in China remain rare. Here,based on statistical data availability and former studies on regional power grid emission factors for China,an estimation method for grid electricity emission factors for Chinese provinces is proposed.Specifically,emission factors for grid electricity of 2010 by province were calculated,and a comparative analysis of emission factors by province and region was conducted. Last,the influence of different emission factors on every province's indirect emissions were estimated. The results show that the difference between emission factors by province and region ranges from- 67.4% ~51.6%,and the gap between estimation results by different emission factors for grid electricity ranges from-60.7%~50.2%. We conclude that emission factors by province are superior to those by region in the accuracy of emission results and they are therefore more suitable for estimating indirect emissions from purchased electricity.