晋陕蒙地区能源生态系统演进过程及影响因素分析

The Energy Ecosystem and Analysis of Influencing Factors in Jin,Shaan and Inner Mongolia

基于能源生态系统理论,对晋陕蒙地区能源资源开发对当地经济发展以及生态环境的影响进行了评估,结果表明:由于内生系统规模的不断扩大,晋陕蒙地区能源生态系统的整体发育状况处于持续下降状态,其中山西省由于能源资源开发较早、产业结构单一,造成其内生系统规模较大,能源系统生态发育状况一直维持在较低的水平,而陕西、内蒙古则由于近年来能源开采量迅速增加而造成能源生态系统演进系数迅速降低;能源开发和消费的效益在一定程度上缓解了陕蒙地区能源生态系统的变化状况,使其总体状况略好于山西省;能源开发在带来效益的同时,亦带来环境的破坏,虽然三省的环境状况近年来有所好转,但是水平依旧较低。

Energy is the most basic driving force of socioeconomic development and human survival.The exploitation and utilization of energy not only promote economic development but generate pollution.Here,the impact of energy development on the economic and ecological environment in Jin,Shaan and Inner Mongolia was evaluated based on energy ecological system theory and statistical yearbook data.We found that due to constant expansion of the endogenous system in Jin,Shaan and Inner Mongolia,the overall energy ecosystem continues to decline and is far lower than the national average.The change in Shaanxi province is most dramatic,with a decline of 88％.Due to early development of energy resources and a single industrial structure,Shanxi has a large endogenous system,and its energy ecosystem development has been maintained at a lower level.In 2010 the coefficient in Shanxi was only 2.75,making it the worst province.The energy ecosystem evolution coefficient has dropped rapidly in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia because of rapidly increasing energy extraction.The evolution of energy ecosystems in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia may follow that of Shanxi,and this requires intervention.The benefit of energy exploitation and energy consumption has relieved changes in energy ecosystems in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia to some extent,and the situation is slightly better than that of Shanxi province.Energy development brings economic benefits,but also brings destruction of the environment,such as solid waste,SO2 and CO2 produced in the process of exploitation and consumption.Although the environmental situation of the three provinces has improved in recent years,the level remains low.