基于耦合视角的流域初始水权配置框架初析——最严格水资源管理制度约束下

A Preliminary Theoretical Framework of Basin Initial Water Rights Allocation from a Coupling Perspective and When Constrained by the Strictest Water Resources Management System

实行最严格水资源管理制度是解决我国日益复杂的水问题与实现水资源有效配置的崭新思路。明晰流域初始水权是落实最严格水资源管理制度的重要途径和技术支撑,流域初始水权配置的理论与实践必须适应这一制度的要求。面向最严格水资源管理制度的约束,本文结合国内外初始水权配置相关研究进展的系统梳理,在提出相关概念及剖析其内涵的基础上,以用水总量控制、用水效率控制和纳污量控制为基准,构建基于耦合视角的流域初始水权配置方法与理论框架,具体思路如下:1针对省区初始水权配置子系统,基于量质耦合获得流域内不同省区的初始水权量;2针对政府预留水量配给子系统,基于供需双侧耦合确定流域级政府预留水量;3为保障两个子系统协调发展,建立基于耦合协调性判别准则的循环耦合模型,获得流域初始水权配置推荐方案,并详细阐述该研究框架各组成部分的工作原理及其之间的工作关系。

The implementation of the strictest water resources management system is a new approach to solve increasingly complicated water problems and to realize the efficient allocation of water resources. To achieve this,the clarity in basin initial water rights should be regarded as the most important method and technical support,and the theory and practice of basin initial water rights allocation should meet the requirements of this system. Facing up to the strictest water resources management system,we combine the systematic conclusion of related research into the initial water rights allocation with related concepts and analyses. We discuss the control of total water consumption,water use efficiency and permissible quantity of pollutants as benchmarks,trying to develop the collocation methods and theoretical framework from the coupling perspective.We discuss several suggestions. First,dealing with the provincial initial water rights allocation subsystem by a coupled water quantity-quality model to obtain the basin initial water right amount among different provinces. Second,dealing with the governmental reserved water rationing subsystem by bilateral coupling of supply and demand to determine the amount of governmental reserved water for governments at the river basin level. Third,to ensure the coordinated development of the two subsystems by establishing the circulatory coupling model based on the coupling coordination criterion. This last point takes proposals of basin initial water rights allocation and further elucidates the operating principle between the various components of the research framework and working principles.