国外社会学对器官捐赠行为的研究

Study on Organ Donation Behavior in Foreign Sociology

大规模的器官移植从20世纪80年代开始,移植对器官供体的需要与器官捐赠的数量之间存在巨大的差距,在这种推力的作用下,非法器官交易行为大量出现。这就使得器官捐赠移植不仅仅是一个医学问题,更是一个社会问题。医学、法学、经济学、伦理学等学科逐渐对这个问题开展了研究,本文主要梳理对器官捐赠与移植的社会学阐释。当前国外在这方面的研究重点主要在描述器官捐赠系统内部的差异性、影响器官捐赠行为的社会机制、器官商品化与市场化的合法性问题以及器官捐赠中的文化阐释与经济阐释。

Massive organ transplants starting in the 1980s, There is a huge gap between the need for organ donors and the number of organ donation, Under the action of the thrust, The illegal organ trade behavior have emerged. This makes the organ transplant is not only a medical problem, but also a social problem.Disciplines such as medicine, law, economics, ethics gradually carried out research on this question, This article mainly combs sociological interpretation of organ donation and transplantation. In overseas, Many research focus on the current organ donation system internal differences, influence social mechanism of organ donation,organ commercialization and marketization of the legality, cultural--economic interpretation of organ donation.