解读伊丽莎白·毕晓普诗歌中的内部空间——以“六节诗”为例

An Interpretation of the Interior Space in Elizabeth Bishop's Sestina

作为20世纪最杰出的诗人之一,伊丽莎白·毕晓普以她艺术技巧几臻完美的诗歌作品在美国文坛留下了不朽印记。她细致入微的诗作为她赢得了"诗人中的诗人"的称号。在毕晓普的诗作中,空间及与之相关的各类变体一直是一个中心论题,早年的失怙经历和随之而来的身份丧失让毕晓普几乎在流散中度过一生,这使得各类空间成了她作品中亟需解读的环节。因其在描摹大自然诗歌中的杰出成就,外部空间多是此前从空间角度研究毕晓普作品的切入点,而其作品中同样不可或缺的内部空间却一直被批评界忽视。本文试图以毕晓普的名篇"六节诗"为例解析毕晓普诗歌作品中含义丰富的内部空间概念,并借鉴在20世纪逐步发展的空间批评理论加以进一步解读。

As one of the most eminent poets of the 20th century, Elizabeth Bishop has already left an indelible remark in American literary with her artistically impeccable prose. Her nuanced formulation of poetry has earned her the title 'poet of poets'. In Bishop's poetry, space and its related alterations has been no less than a central preoccupation. Bishop's life as an eternal exile resulted from early bereavement and the ensuing loss of identity has rendered space in her poetry a critical issue calling for elaboration. Noted for her poems of nature, the outside space indubitably occupies most of critical attention from a spatial point of view in the previous research on Bishop's work. Nonetheless, the inside space also turns out to be an indispensable notion of space in her work which has been long eluded critical elaboration. In this essay, an endeavor will be made to formulate the multifaceted notion of the inside space in Bishop's poetry aided by the theory of spatial criticism which has gradually come into being in the 20th century.