城市公共文化服务“馆团”模式:运行机制及其效度——基于武汉市江汉区的调查与思考

The “Pavilion Group Mode” of a City's Public Cultural Services: Operating Mechanism and Its Validity——Based on the Investigations and Observations of Jiang Han District,Wuhan

为了提高武汉市公共文化服务的效能,江汉区文化馆与本辖区内的民间艺术团体进行有机合作,为辖区内的民间艺术团体提供基础性与制度性的公共文化服务的供给,民间艺术团体在享受区文化馆提供的免费公共文化服务资源的同时,积极地释放"文化能量",成为公共文化产品落实的嫁接者,从而使得群众享受到更丰盛的公共文化成果。笔者试图把这一新的公共文化服务的模式概括为"馆团模式"。这一模式使政府摆脱了单一的公共文化服务供给者的角色,吸纳民间艺术团体参与到公共文化服务中,形成多重供给主体的新供给模式。但是这一模式过度地将公共文化资源向馆团团队倾斜,在一定程度上阻碍乃至排斥了其他团队的进入,从而损害了公共文化服务的普惠性、均等性原则的贯彻和施行。同时由于团队成员平均年龄偏大,导致其释放"文化能量"的有限性,而且在调动民众参与公共文化生活的自觉性与主动性上也有较大的局限,这些问题文化馆在改善其公共文化服务中需要引起高度重视。

In order to improve the efficiency of public cultural services in Wuhan, the Culture Center in Jiang Han district organically cooperates with the Folk Art Groups in this district. The Culture Center serves the Folk Art Groups with basic and institutional cultural service. When using the free resources of public cultural services, the Folk Art Groups also need to release 'energy of culture' and to make the public cultural products come true by grafting. Therefore, people can enjoy much richer results in public culture. The writer named this new public cultural service with 'Pavilion group mode'. This Mode will help government cease to be the provider of single public cultural services. It will bring Folk Art Groups into public service section and foster a new mode which is comprised with many bodies. However, this mode will make public cultural services closer to 'Pavilion group' team which will hinder and exclude the entrance of other teams. In such case, it will also do damage to the implement of universal benefit and fair principles in public cultural services. In the meanwhile, the members are a little older on the average. Hence, the ability of releasing 'cultural energy' and motivating people to participate in public cultural life will be restrained. The Culture Center should pay more attention to improve the public culture services.