关于我国城市社区治理的思考

Thought on Urban Community Governance in Our Country

政府职能的"失效"为城市社区建设的发展提供了契机,同时也衍生出了一些社区治理的问题,主要包括两大方面:一是职能部门的垂直整合,另一方面则是居委会自治功能的萎缩、行政性的强化。存在这些问题的主要原因有街道办事处扮演"准行政机构"角色、居委会的组织属性未真正落实、政府没能行使好"管理者"角色、国家权威性的不足。解决的主要对策建议有培育自治观念、完善管理体制、建立社区财务,费随事转、提供制度保障,建立监督机制、扩大社区功能,吸引居民参与、培育社区组织,发挥社区组织作用。将社区管理的权力归还给社区,推进城市社区自治。

The failure in government functions provides an opportunity for the construction of urban community and also produces some problems in community governance including two aspects: for one thing, it is the vertical integration of functional departments and for another, it is dysfunction in autonomy and reinforcement in administrative function of neighborhood committees. The main causes of these problems are: administrative role of sub-district office, unclear organization property of neighborhood committees, government's failure to perform a good'manager' role and the lack of national authority. The main countermeasures are: cultivating autonomous concept,perfecting the management system, setting up community finance, providing the institution guarantee, establishing a supervisory mechanism, improving community function and attracting residents' participation and fostering community organizations to make the community organization play an important role in it. The power of the community management will be given back to the community and it will promote the urban community autonomy.