《诗经》处所词研究

The Study of Locative Words in Shijing

《诗经》作为先秦的重要文献,其中包含着很多与当时生活相关的处所词。若对《诗经》中的处所词进行详细统计与分类,把《诗经》中的处所词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类并进一步细分,可形成对《诗经》中所处词较为详尽的描写。在归类的基础上对《诗经》中处所词的构成进行分析,包括连绵词、名词词头+名词、方位词+名词和形容词+名词,进而对其句法功能与介词搭配归纳,《诗经》中的处所词可以做主语、宾语、定语、中心语和状语,搭配的介词比较常见的有"于""自""在"。

As an important pre-Qin document, Shijing contains many locative words which are associated with the daily life at that time. This paper has counted and classified the locative words in Shijing, divided them into two categories--the proper nouns and common nouns,and then made further classification. On the basis of the classification, the paper analyzed the constitution of the locative words, including continuous words, noun prefix +nouns, localizer + nouns and adjective + nouns. It then generalized their syntactic function and prepositional collocations. The locative words in Shijing can be used as subject, object, attribute, central word and adverbial, and they often form prepositional collocations together with 'yu'('于')'zi'('自')'zai'('在').