钟山方言单字调对比实验研究

A Comparative Experimental Study of Mono-Syllable Tone in Zhongshan Dialect

运用实验语音学方法研究钟山方言单字调的音高特征,根据T值公式和五度标音法,处理钟山新、老派方言基频数据,并与前人研究成果进行对比分析。实验结合对发音人的访谈和数据的整理得出结论:钟山方言没有入声调,原阴入调分化为阴上和阴去,原阳入调全部归为阳去;平调有曲折,其他四种调值基频曲线显示调型走势与传统研究结果基本相同,但具体调值略有不同。本实验新老派对比部分中,老派发音人的声调和新派发音人的声调也有差别,具体体现在阴平、阳平和阴上三个声调;生理因素和社会因素是导致这种差别的主要原因。

This paper tries to study the pitch characteristics of Zhongshan dialect by using experimental phonetics method. The paper processes fundamental data of the New and Old accents in Zhongshan with T-value formula and five scale transcriptions, and then compares the experiment's results with previous studies. Combining the interviews and the experiment data this paper comes to the conclusions: there is no tone of 'ru sheng' in Zhongshan dialect,the original tone 'yin ru' had divided into 'yin shang' and 'yin qu', and the original 'yang ru' has been classified into 'yang qu'. There is curve in level tone, the fundamental curves of the other four tones showing that the trend of the tone types is basically the same with the results of traditional studies, yet different in specific tone values. In the part of comparing of tones between old style and new style, the tones of old style speaker young style speaker are different in 'yin ping', 'yang ping' and 'yin shang'; physiological and social factors are the main causes of these differences.