从“对抗”到“和解”:生态批评视阈下的《子熊的故事》

From “Confrontation” to “Compromise”: Analyzing The Bear from the Perspective of Eco-criticism

由法国著名导演让·雅克·阿诺执导的《子熊的故事》被誉为第一部从动物视角展现野外生存的纪录片电影,影片基于1885年发生在美国落基山脉中人与熊之间的真实故事,从小熊的视角讲述了两只熊的惊险经历以及猎人从捕杀熊到放生熊的心路历程。论文拟从生态批评的视角即人类中心主义、消费主义与生态整体主义切入,读解《子熊的故事》中人与自然的关系从"对抗"到"和解"的转变过程,以图引发对"自我"和"他者"的深刻关注与反思,藉此提出打破人与自然的二元对立,促进生态文明建设,最终实现人与自然和谐相处的诉求。

The Bear, directed by the well-known French director Jean Jacques Annaud, is commonly acclaimed as the first movie that mirrors the existence of wild life from the perspective of the little bear. Based upon the true story of human being and bear that happened in the Rocky Mountains of America in 1885, the movie tells the adventurous experiences of two bears and the hunters' transition from'hunting for the bears' to 'freeing the bears'. By analyzing the process of human-nature relationship that has shifted from 'confrontation' to 'compromise' in The Bear from the perspective of eco-criticism, namely the anthropocentrism, consumerism and ecological holism, this paper aims to make clear that human being should deeply reflect on the 'self' and pay attention to the 'otherness' and suggests that the binary opposition between human and nature should be broken, which can greatly contribute to the construction of eco-civilization and the harmonious co-existence between human beings and nature.