抄撮文献的缘起与流变

The Origin and Evolvement of the Transcription of Documents

抄书是文献在印刷术广泛流行之前最主要的流通方式。抄书不仅有全抄之书,也有采撷精要之书。在摘抄文献精言妙语的同时,辅之以一定的编纂体例便形成了抄撮文献。抄撮之风的兴起有多个方面的原因。随着这种风气的演变衍生出了类书、纪事本末体、纲目体等多种新的文献形态,也促使史抄类文献成为完全独立的部类。抄撮文献在八股时代对治学风气产生了一定的恶劣影响,但其作为治学方法和存史媒介为典籍的研习和传播发挥了重要作用。

Transcription is the main way of communication of documents before printing becomes popular. It includes two types: one is transcription without alteration and the other is gathering the essence and adds specific editorial style together. The phenomenon is caused by several reasons and derives several new literary morphology,including encyclopedia,the history presented in separate accounts of important events and the detailed outline.Besides,it also promotes the history extracts to become a totally independent division. Transcription has exerted bad influence on the atmosphere of study in the era of eight- part essay; however,as a medium for academic research and the preserve of ancient books and records,it also plays an important role.