个体化背景下的医患冲突为何如此严峻?——基于古代和现代医患关系的比较分析

Why are the Doctor-patient Conflict So Serious under the Background of Individualization?——An Analysis Based on the Contrast of Ancient and Modern Doctor-patient Relationship

作为中国社会转型过程的伴生现象,医患冲突已成为当下严重的社会问题。文章将传统社会的医患关系与现代社会的医患关系进行比对后发现:在古代社会里,健康和责任在医患间是紧密结合的;而在现代社会里,健康和责任在医患间则是相互分离的。医患关系从紧密结合到互相分离实际上反映了个体化背景下行动主体的行动逻辑,即行动主体从传统社会的集体中解放出来,主要的生活方式和维护生活安全的形式由集体式向个体式转变。而正是这种尚处于转变状态的行动逻辑成为了医患纷争不断发生的重要原因。

As an accompanying phenomenon in the social transition of China,the conflict between doctors and patients has become a serious social problem. By contrasting the doctor-patient relationship in traditional society with that in modern society,it is found that,while health and responsibility are closely integrated between doctors and patients in the past,they are separated from each other in the modern society. The change from integration to separation actually reflects the action logic of acting subjects under the background of individualization,i. e. the acting subjects are liberated from the collective of traditional society,and the main lifestyle and the source of life security are changing along with the transformation from collectivism to individualization. And this kind of action logic,which is still in the state of transformation,is exactly the principle cause of the conflicts between doctors and patients.