论公司章程自治——兼评万科公司章程137条

On the Autonomy of Incorporation Articles——The 137^(th) Article of Wan Ke Incorporation Articles

公司章程自治的立法尺度是公司法学研究不可回避的题域。自2005年,公司法"公司章程另有规定"的但书条款已将公司法部分强制性规范转为任意性规范,给予公司章程一定自治空间。随着公司法发展趋势以及公司章程自治性要求增强,实践中已出现公司章程严于公司法强制性规范的情况。此时公司章程内容的合法性就引起审视,无论是立法态度还是学界尚不能给出明确的答案。允许公司章程制定严于公司法强制性规范的条款既有必要也有可行性,但也要注意公司章程自治维度的拓宽要遵循与公司法规定的一致性以及不得违反公司章程设置的目的。

The legislative measure of the autonomy of company's articles of association is an inevitable issue in the study of incorporation law. The 2005 Company Law changed the compulsory clause to the arbitrary rules by stipulating the otherwise clause in the company's articles of association,which endowed some autonomy to company's articles of association. With the development of corporation law and the practical demand for higher degree of autonomy of the incorporation articles,there are already some incorporation articles in practice that are severer than the mandatory regulations in the Company Law. The legitimacy of the content of the articles of association deserves attention, but neither the legislation nor the scholars could give a clear explanation.Permission of such severe incorporation articles is both necessary and feasible,but the extension of the autonomy of the incorporation articles shall be consistent with the Company Law and must not violate the proper purpose of the Incorporation Articles.