阿拉伯-伊斯兰文化视域下动物观研究

Views on Animals in the Arabic Islamic Culture

阿拉伯半岛独特的地理环境使蒙昧时代阿拉伯人对待动物具有矛盾的心态:他们既可在恶劣的环境中与动物同甘共苦,又在面临生活危机时对动物痛下杀手。这种矛盾的心态成为了蒙昧时代阿拉伯动物文化的精神内核。深受原始文化及游牧文化影响的蒙昧时代阿拉伯动物文化,既为伊斯兰经典中的动物观提供了素材,又为后世的伊斯兰动物文化奠定了基础。《古兰经》通过对蒙昧时代阿拉伯的各种动物文化的批判和继承,形成了两种具有辨证关系的思想倾向。这体现了伊斯兰思想在诞生前后在动物观上的思想延续性。

The Arabian Peninsula's unique geographical environment makes the Arabs of the uncivilized times hold a contradictory mentality towards animals. They can share weal and woe with animals in hostile environment,but they also can kill animals without hesitation in face of living crisis. This contradictory mentality becomes the spiritual core of Arabic animal cultures in the primitive ages. Deeply influenced by the primitive culture and nomadic culture,Arabic animal culture in the uncivilized times not only provides materials for views on animals in Islamic scriptures,but also lays the foundation for Arabic Islamic animal culture in later generation.Qur'an forms two dialectical thoughts by means of criticizing and inheriting various animal cultures in primitive ages,which has embodied the continuity of animal views before and after the generation of Islamic thoughts.