《一个自然主义者的死亡》中希尼的疏离自然

Heaney's Detachment from Nature in Death of a Naturalist

希尼首部诗集《一个自然主义者的死亡》是对童年时期北爱尔兰乡村生活及自然的书写。希尼的书写是现实主义的,真实地呈现出诗人由亲近自然到与自然有所疏离的转变,甚至揭示了人与自然之间的矛盾。希尼书写自然是将自然视为探索自我的工具。诗人因失去与自然的一体感而感受到主客体的分离。疏离自然正是亚当夏娃因获得智慧而被逐出伊甸园的神话原型的再现,标志着诗人的主体意识觉醒。而后诗人自觉选择通过作诗来认识自己的精神世界。

Death of a Naturalist,Heaney's debut poem collection,is a presentation of the poet's childhood experience of country life and nature in Northern Ireland. In a realistic style,Heaney truthfully reveals the shift of his relationship with nature from harmony to dialectic detachment,and the conflict between men and nature.Heaney's concern with nature comes from his view of nature as a tool to explore his spiritual world. After losing his sense of oneness with nature,he feels the separation of the subject and the object. His detachment from nature has significant association with the myth of Adam and Eve,who are exiled from the Garden of Eden after gaining wisdom,and this symbolizes the awakening of the subject. Then,Heaney consciously chooses to write poetry to probe into his spiritual world.