周朴园形象:在“人的文学”与“人民文学”之争中变迁——基于1936年“文化版”与1959年“戏剧二版”的比较

The Change of Zhou Puyuan's Image Caused by the Transition of the Ideological Trend from Human Literature to People's Literature——Based on Comparisons between the Versions in 1936 and in 1959

《雷雨》自1934年发表以来,曾有过多次不同程度的修改,形成了不同的版本。比较阅读1936年"文化版"和1959年"戏剧二版"的《雷雨》,可以发现周朴园这一人物形象发生了改变,由复杂立体走向典型单一,这一人物所表现的侧重点也由反映复杂人性走向反映阶级特征。人物形象的变迁,实际上是两大文学思潮的此消彼长在文学创作领域的体现。20世纪30年代的启蒙文学思潮,成就了"文化版"《雷雨》对人性的书写; 50年代末的革命文学热情,则促成了"戏剧二版"《雷雨》从"人的文学"向"人民文学"的转向。

Since published in 1934,Thunderstorm has been revised many times in varying degrees,thus having some different versions. And by comparing the version in 1936 and the one in 1959,obvious changes from being Round to Flat can be seen in the image of Zhou Puyuan,whose function varies accordingly from the reflection of complexity of human nature to the symbolizing of capitalist characteristics. Indeed,it is the shifting sands of literature ideological trend that results in the change of Zhou Puyuan’s image. Concretely speaking,Thunderstorm published in 1936 focused on humanity in the context of the Enlightenment in the 1930 s,while the trend of Revolutionary Literature in the late 1950 s pushed it to emphasize attributes of the bourgeoisie.