可罚的中立帮助行为之认定

The Determination of Punishable Neutral Helping Behavior

对共犯理论的不同理解,直接影响到共犯的处罚根据以及共犯从属性与共犯独立性的选择。日常生活中存在诸多中立帮助行为,但并非所有的中立帮助行为都具备构成要件符合性。对于可罚的中立帮助行为的判断,客观说、主观说以及折中说均存在或多或少的问题。比较而言,以阶层理论为其立论基础的客观归责理论为该问题的妥善解决提供了可行的思路。只有在行为人不仅制造了不被允许的危险,且不被允许的危险所实现的结果没有超出构成要件的射程的情况下,该中立帮助行为才具有可罚性。

The different understanding of the causality of helper crime has a direct impact on the punishment basis of accomplice,accomplice’s subordination and the relationship between accomplice’s independence.Neutral helping behavior is a common phenomenon in daily life,but not all neutral helping behavior has the compliance of constitutive elements,and the same is true of neutral helping behavior.The judgment of punishable neutral helping behavior should be analyzed from the perspective of post-observation.In other words,the nature of helping behavior should be evaluated from the perspective of the effect of neutral helping behavior on the principal offender’s behavior or the result.It should be considered that only the neutral helping behavior which has an important promoting effect on the implementation of the principal offender’s behavior or has a significant impact on the appearance of the constitutive element result is a punishable neutral helping behavior.