优质稻育种和高产栽培的生理研究——Ⅰ.优质稻对^(32)P的吸收、分配与分蘖特性和谷粒产量

Studies on Small Grain Rice Physiology in Breeding and Culture——Ⅰ.Relationship Between Absorption,Distribution of ^(32)P and Characteristics of Tillers and Grain Yield

高产优质稻分蘖力强,分蘖数多,分蘖期比低产优质稻和常规高产栽培品种双桂36吸收和分配^(32)P 到分蘖的比例增加。高产优质稻的有效穗多,每穗结实粒多,物质输出和运输能力强,抽穗扬花后,特别是灌浆至黄熟期,茎、鞘贮藏物质运转、贡献给谷粒增重多,因此,产量比较高。但优质稻开花前后谷穗分配^(32)P 的比例与谷粒产量的关系不呈正相关。

The proportion distributed ^(32)P in the tillers of high yield small grain riceis a higher than that of the low yield small grain rice and large grain rice Shan-Gui-36.The tillering ability,tillering number,effective panicle number andfilled grain number of high yield small grain rice have shown stronger and mo-re than that of large grain rice.So,in grain yield,the small grain rice could behigher than the large grain rice.From milky stage to grain yellow stage,the more photosynthates stored instem and sheath of small grain rice have been contributed to the panicle andgrains than that of lager grain rice.In rice plant breeding and culture of small grain rice,the strong tilleringability and more effective panicle number could be a way taked high grain yie-ld for breeders and agriculturistes.