毛细支气管炎与哮喘的关系

Relationship between bronchiolitis and asthma

毛细支气管炎是引起2岁以下婴幼儿喘息发作的主要病因,多由病毒感染引起,其中呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和鼻病毒(RV)是最常见的病原体。近年来,研究发现生后早期RSV和RV感染诱发的毛细支气管可能与患儿日后反复喘息发作甚至发展为哮喘密切相关。该文拟对RSV和RV感染后诱发的毛细支气管炎与日后反复喘息发作及发展为哮喘的关系、病毒感染后对肺功能的长期影响、发展为哮喘可能的发病机制和危险因素及预防策略等方面问题进行介绍。

Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of wheezing in infants under 2 years old,mostly caused by viral infection.Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)and rhinovirus(RV)are the most common pathogens.Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between infants with bronchiolitis induced by virus infection(RSV or RV)in the early stage of life and the subsequent development of asthma later during childhood.This review summarized the relationship between bronchiolitis induced by RSV and RV infection and recurrent attacks of wheezing or asthma,the long-term impact on lung function,the pathogenesis,risk factors and prevention strategies of asthma after virus infection.