自由是目的还是手段——试析约翰·穆勒的自由观

Aim or Method——On John Muller's View of Freedom

根据史华慈和李强的意见分歧,提出中心问题:穆勒把自由当作目的还是手段?通过对穆勒著作的查勘分析可以看出,穆勒既把自由作为目的,又把自由作为手段,这源于他对自由原则和功利原则的双重认可。在他的思想里,自由原则与功利原则有其内在的紧张性。

A central problem is put forward based on Shi hua-zi and Li Qiang's analysis:does Muller take liberty as the aim or the meathod? A result shows,based on the survey analysis of Muller's works,that Muller takes liberty not only as the aim but also as the meathod,which stems from his dual recognition of both liberty principle and utility principle.In his mind,the liberty principle and utility principle have their inherent tension.