从《浮生六记》的英译看林语堂的文化翻译策略

LIN Yu-tang's Cultural Translation Strategies as Reflected in the Translation of Six Chapters of a Floating Life

本文以林语堂《浮生六记》的英译文为例,探讨了译者针对不同的文化成分采用的灵活翻译策略。结果发现:原作的体例及作品中主人公的人格魅力在适当的归化翻译下得到了美化;中国古代文人雅士的优雅快乐的生活方式以及他们在学术和艺术方面的成就,作了异化处理而被忠实地移植到异族文化中;作品涉及的某些落后习俗、封建礼教等消极文化,译者用归化为主、异化为辅的翻译策略进行弱化处理;一些有关封建专制、宿命论和男尊女卑的地方,则毫不犹豫地使用归化法进行回避。林氏的这种文化策略和翻译策略经实践证明是成功的,它有利于后殖民语境下弱势文化顺利进入强势文化,从而实现二者的平等对话。

The paper is a tentative study of LIN Yu-tang's cultural and translation strategies revealed in his translation of Six Chapters of a Floating Life. The author concludes that domestication is applied to transplanting the original work's genre as a novel and to dressing up YUN's vivid characterization and the couple's happy marriage,and that foreignization is employed to place emphasis on the care-free life-style,literary and artistic dispositions of Chinese men of letters,and that the translation method of more domestication than foreignization is borrowed in helping stay clear of feudal autocracy,cannibalistic feudal ethics,fatalism and inequality of the sexes. Lin's later success proved the effectiveness of his strategies which are,in author's opinion,enlightening in present day's introducing weak cultures to strong cultures under the context of post-colonialization.