原子、分子轨道的一个重要特征——节面

An Important Feature of Molecular Orbit and Atomic Orbit—Nodal Plane

节面是原子、分子轨道的一个重要的特征。原子轨道的径向分布函数有n-l-1个节面,节面形状为球形。角度分布函数有l个节面,节面形状为平面(或锥形)。σ成键分子轨道、π成键分子轨道和δ成键分子轨道的特征是过键轴的节面个数分别有0个、1个和2个。σ*反键分子轨道、π*反键分子轨道和δ*反键分子轨道的特征是它们除过键轴的节面外还有1个垂直于键轴的节面。

Nodal plane is one of important features of molecular orbit and atomic orbit. The radial distribution function of theatomic orbit has n-l-1 of nodal planes, and the shape of the nodal plane is spherical. The angle distribution function has l of nodalplanes, and the shape of the nodal plane is flat(or tapered). The σ bonding molecular orbital, the π bonding molecular orbital andthe δ bonding molecular orbital have 0, 1 and 2 nodal planes through the bond axis respectively. This is one of their importantcharacteristics. The σ* anti-molecular orbital, the π* bonding molecular orbital and the δ* bonding molecular orbital have onenodal plane perpendicular to the bond axis besides the nodal planes through the bond axis.