东风菜挥发油化学成分及抗氧化活性

Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Oils from Doellingeria scaber

目的:对产于大别山高海拔地区的野生东风菜挥发油进行化学成分鉴定及相对含量分析,并研究其抗氧化能力。方法:采用同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)提取东风菜全草挥发油,通过气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术鉴定其中化学成分,采用峰面积归一化法确定各组分的相对百分含量。采用铁离子还原法,1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)法,β-胡萝卜素漂白法测定东风菜挥发油体外抗氧化活性,结果:东风菜挥发油共鉴定出50种化学成分,占总相对含量的86.91%,主要化学成分为反式-β-金合欢烯(20.21%),吉马烯D(9.94%),棕榈酸(8.66%),β-萜品烯(7.82%),石竹烯(6.9%)和对伞花烃-8-醇(4.48%),其中烯类56.57%,醇类12.24%,脂肪酸类11.24%,环氧化物2.93%,酯类1.82%,醛酮类1.60%和芳香烃类0.51%。挥发油对铁离子的还原能力随浓度增加而增大,但还原能力远弱于维生素C,对DPPH自由基和在β-胡萝卜素/亚油酸脂质体系中的半抑制浓度(IC50)分别为0.72 g·L-1和0.10 g·L-1,表明挥发油对DPPH自由基有一定清除能力,且具有较好的脂质过氧化抑制能力。结论:通过GC-MS鉴别了东风菜挥发油化学成分,体外抗氧化实验表明其具有一定的抗氧化能力,为东风菜的开发利用提供实验依据。

Objective: To identify the chemical compositions and conduct relative content analysis of the essential oil from wild Doellingeria scaber in high altitude area of Dabie mountains,and investigate its antioxidant capacity. Method: The volatile oil of D. scaber was extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction ( SDE) method. Its chemical compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectometry ( GC-MS) ,and the relative percentage content of each composition was determined by peak area normalization method. The antioxidant activities of the oil were evaluated by reducing ability method,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ( DPPH) method and β-carotene bleaching assay. Result: A total of 50 components representing 86. 91% in this plant were identified. The main chemical compositions were ( E) -β-farnesene ( 20. 21%) , germacrene D ( 9. 94%) , hexadecanoic acid ( 8. 66%) ,β-terpinene ( 7. 82%) ,caryophyllene ( 6. 9%) and p-cymen-8-ol ( 4. 48%) . The main components of volatile oils include alkenes ( 56. 57%) ,alcohols ( 12. 24%) ,fatty acids ( 11. 24%) ,epoxides ( 2. 93%) , esters ( 1. 82%) , aldehydes and ketones ( 1. 60%) , and aromatics ( 0. 51%) . The reduction ability of volatile oil to iron ions increases with the increase of concentration,but the reduction ability is far weaker than that of vitamin C. The 50% inhibiting concentration ( IC50 ) of volatile oil on DPPH free radicals and in β-carotene /linoleic acid lipid system was 0. 72 g·L - 1 and 0. 10 g·L - 1,respectively,indicating that the volatile oil had a certain scavenging capacity on DPPH free radicals and a good inhibition effect on lipid peroxidation. Conclusion: GC-MS was used to identify the chemical compositions of the volatile oil from D. scaber,and antioxidant test in vitro showed that D. scaber had certain antioxidant capacity,providing experimental basis for its development and utilization.