汉唐宋时期中医药典籍中制剂发展探索

Research on Development of Preparations in Traditional Chinese Medicine Classics During the Han,Tang and Song Dynasties

对汉、唐、宋3个朝代中药药剂学的文献记载进行对比、分析,总结中药药剂的剂型、制剂工艺和服药理论的历史发展。选择汉代、唐代、宋代的3部经典医药著作《伤寒论》《备急千金要方》《太平惠民和剂局方》为研究对象,采用内容分析法、比较分析法、案例分析法进行研究,探索中成药剂型、辅料、制剂工艺、服药理论的历史发展过程。对比后发现随着历史的发展,中成药剂型种类、亚类不断丰富,固体类剂型逐渐增多;从制剂角度而言,所用辅料的种类也在不断的丰富,制剂工艺过程控制也愈加精准;同时,服药理论也随着中医学的发展而不断完善。中药制药技术、理论在汉、唐、宋3个朝代有了长足的发展,虽然时隔千年,但仍有不少经验值得现代制剂借鉴与参考。

This paper compared and analyzed the relevant records of Chinese medicine pharmacy in the Han,Tang and Song dynasties,and summarized the changes of the dosage forms,preparation techniques and administration methods of Chinese medicine with the development of history.In this study,three classic medical works in the Han,Tang and Song dynasties,including Treatise on Febrile Diseases Caused by Cold,Valuable Prescriptions for Emergency and Formularies of the Bureau of People’s Welfare Pharmacies,were taken as the research objects,and the development of the dosage forms,auxiliary materials,preparation technology and medication theory were summarized and explored by the ways of content analysis,comparative analysis and case analysis.The comparison showed that in the development process,the dosage forms gradually increased,but the liquid dosage forms gradually decreased,the solid dosage forms gradually increased.Not only the dosage forms varied in the number,types of excipients used more and more,but the level of preparation had been constantly improved while the methods of taking became more detailed.This evolution of dosage forms and pharmaceutical technologies in Chinese history is worth learning and thinking about it.Through exploring the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)technologies and theories in the Han,Tang and Song dynasties,we can contribute to the inheritance of traditional preparations and it can provide the basis for the development of modern preparations with TCM characteristics.