加速氧化环境中小茴香挥发油的稳定性考察及其抗氧化剂筛选

Study on Stability of Volatile Oil in Foeniculi Fructus and Screening Its Antioxidants in Accelerated Oxidation Environment

目的:筛选小茴香挥发油成分变化最剧烈的加速氧化环境,并筛选其最佳抗氧化剂种类及浓度,为小茴香挥发油稳定性研究及应用提供参考。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取小茴香挥发油,以硫代巴比妥酸反应物(TBARS)值和过氧化值(POV)为评价指标,运用响应面法考察偶氮脒类引发剂V50(AAPH)和亚铁离子(Fe2+)的质量浓度、温度对小茴香挥发油成分及氧化产物的影响,筛选挥发油成分变化最剧烈的氧化环境,利用单因素试验优选抗氧化剂种类及浓度。结果:小茴香挥发油成分变化最剧烈的氧化条件为温度42. 5℃,AAPH质量浓度1 g·L-1,Fe2+质量浓度20. 85 mg·L-1;浓度为0. 2 mol·L-1和0. 8 mol·L-1的抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯均可有效改善小茴香挥发油的稳定性。结论:在加速氧化环境下,小茴香挥发油萜类成分发生显著变化,但抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯可有效改善其稳定性。

Objective:To screen the accelerated oxidation environment with the most drastic changes in the volatile oil composition of Foeniculi Fructus,and to optimize the type and concentration of antioxidants.Method:The volatile oil of Foeniculi Fructus was extracted by steam distillation.Taking thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)value and peroxide value(POV)as evaluation indexes,response surface method was used to investigate the effects of temperature,concentrations of ferrous ion(Fe2+)and azoamidine initiator V50(AAPH)on volatile oil components of Foeniculi Fructus and its oxidation products.TBARS and POV were detected by ultraviolet chromatography.The oxidative environment with the most drastic changes of volatile oil composition of Foeniculi Fructus was screened.The type and concentration of antioxidants were selected by single factor experiments.The change discipline of volatile oil in Foeniculi Fructus after added different concentrations of antioxidants were analyzed by GC-MS.Result:The worst oxidizing environment for volatile oil of Foeniculi Fructus was as follows:temperature at 42.5℃,AAPH concentration of 1 g·L-1,Fe2+concentration of 20.85 mg·L-1.Ascorbyl palmitate with concentrations of 0.2 mol·L-1 and 0.8 mol·L-1 could effectively improve the stability of volatile oil from Foeniculi Fructus.Conclusion:Under the accelerated oxidation environment,the terpenes in volatile oil from Foeniculi Fructus are significantly changed,but its stability can be improved by ascorbyl palmitate.