男性甲基苯丙胺成瘾者心理理论与精神病性症状相关性

Theory of mind in male methamphetamine addicts and the relationships with their psychotic symptoms

目的探讨男性甲基苯丙胺(methamphetamine, METH)成瘾患者心理理论(theory of mind, ToM)社会知觉加工和社会认知加工的特点,分析ToM加工损害与精神病性症状的相关性。方法纳入30例有精神病性症状的男性METH成瘾患者(METH addicts with psychotic symptoms, METH-P)、31例无精神病性症状的男性METH成瘾患者(METH addicts with no psychotic symptoms, METH-NP)及41名男性健康对照者。采用眼区任务(Eyes Task)和失言觉察任务(Faux pas Task)分别评估3组被试的ToM社会知觉和社会认知加工成分,并采用简明精神病评定量表(brief psychiatric rating scale, BPRS)评估METH成瘾患者的精神病性症状。结果 METH-P组、METH-NP组的眼区任务和失言觉察问题得分均低于对照组(P<0.05);METH-P组眼区任务得分低于METH-NP组(P<0.05);METH-P组和METH-NP组失言觉察问题得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素线性回归分析示,METH成瘾患者眼区任务得分与其BPRS阳性症状分(β=-0.415, P=0.001)有关联。结论男性METH成瘾患者存在ToM社会知觉和社会认知成分损害,METH所致精神病性症状与ToM社会知觉成分损害有关。

Objective To investigate the difference of Theory of Mind(ToM) processing(especially in social-perceptual component and social-cognitive component) in male methamphetamine(METH) addicts, and test whether the deficits of ToM is correlated with their psychotic symptoms or not. Methods Thirty METH addicts with psychotic symptoms(METH-P group), 31 METH addicts with no psychotic symptoms(METH-NP group) and 41 healthy controls(control group)were recruited. Eyes Task and Faux pas Task were used to test the social-perceptual component and social-cognitive component in all participants. The psychotic symptoms of METH addicts were assessed using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS). Results Compared with control group, performance was poor in Eyes Task and Faux pas Questions in both METH-P group and METH-NP group(P<0.05). Performance in Eyes Task was poorer in METH-P group than in METHNP group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in performance in Faux pas Questions scores between METH-P group and METH-NP group(P>0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that BPRS positive symptom score were correlated with Eyes Task scores of METH addicts(β=-0.415, P=0.001). Conclusions METH addicts exhibit deficits in both ToM social-perceptual component and ToM social-cognitive component. METH-associated psychosis are related to the deficit in social-perceptual component of ToM.