新古典经济学对中国经济解释力的终结

The Weak Explanatory Power of Neoclassical Economics for the Success of the Chinese Economy

中国发展道路的本质特征是中国特色社会主义市场经济,而不是简单的市场化与民营化;中国发展道路背后的经济思想是实事求是基础上的中国特色社会主义政治经济学,而不是新古典经济学。诚然,新古典经济学中的诸多内容,如市场运行机制与宏观调控,对中国经济治理有着重大的影响,但它毕竟只是中国自主发展道路中的一个侧面。总体上说,中国发展道路的思想基础是在马克思政治经济学的普遍真理与中国实践不断结合中形成的。更进一步说,新古典经济学不仅不能解释中国发展的成功,而且也不能说明英美这样发达国家近几年来出现的种种现实,越来越成为脱离实际的"黑板经济学"。

The essential feature of the development path of China is the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics,which is not simply characterized by marketization and privatization.The economic idea behind this development is not neoclassical economics but a political economy that is pragmatic and seeks truth from facts.Although some perspectives of neoclassical economics,such as market mechanism and macro-control,have had undeniable influence on Chinese economic governance,they constitute only apart of its independent development path.Generally speaking,the intellectual foundation of Chinese development path is formed by adapting the universal truth of Marxist political economy to China's realities.Furthermore,neoclassical economics,which is weak in either explaining the success of Chinese economic growth or the recent realities in developed countries like the U.K.and the U.S,has increasingly become a'blackboard economics'divorcing from realities.