2011—2014年宁夏食物中毒事件分析

Analysis on food poisoning events in Ningxia from 2011 to 2014

目的分析近年来宁夏回族自治区境内食物中毒事件的特点和存在的问题,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2011—2014年宁夏发生的食物中毒事件进行分析。结果 2011—2014年宁夏共报告食物中毒50起,中毒540人,死亡4人,病死率0.74%;中毒原因以微生物和有毒动植物为主,不明原因的食物中毒16起,占32.00%;中毒事件呈现明显的季节特性,以第二、三季度为主;引发中毒的场所主要为家庭和餐饮服务单位,又以农村地区居多。有3起发生在宗教活动场所,中毒94人。结论近年来宁夏食物中毒主要由微生物和有毒动植物引起。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and problems of food poisoning events in Ningxia and provide scientific basis for developing prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of food poisoning events in Ningxia from 2011 to 2014 were analyzed using descriptive epidemiologic method. Results There were 50 food poisoning events reported in Ningxia,resulting in 540 cases and 4 death. The main pathogenic factors were microorganisms and poisonous plants. There were 16 poisoning events have unknown reasons( 32. 00%). The second and third quarters were at the peak during a year when food poisoning events frequently occurred. The rural households and food service units were the main places. But a total of 3 food poisoning events were reported with 94 victims. Microorganism caused the largest percentage of food poisoning events. Conclusion In addition to the traditional control measures,to rationalize the regulatory system,strengthen disposal capacity of investigation and laboratory testing about foodborne disease,while combining the actual of Ningxia increased reporting content and carried out monitoring continuously and systematically in order to prevent food poisoning effectively.