国产水痘疫苗加强免疫后的免疫原性分析

Immunogenicity analysis of domestic varicella vaccine after booster immunization

目的探讨国产水痘疫苗加强免疫后的免疫原性。方法抽取进行国产水痘疫苗加强免疫的200例3～4岁儿童,分为3岁组(100例)和4岁组(100例)。分析接种前不同年龄儿童水痘抗体水平;抗体阴性的不同年龄儿童在接种水痘疫苗后转阳率;不同年龄儿童接种水痘疫苗后抗体4倍以上增长情况;200例儿童接种后的异常反应。结果接种前3岁组儿童水痘抗体阳性率为77.00%,明显高于4岁组儿童的64.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3岁组儿童与4岁组儿童接种后抗体转阳率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。4岁组儿童和3岁组儿童接种水痘疫苗后抗体4倍以上增长率分别为76.00%、71.00%,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。200例儿童接种后共发生8例异常反应,其中弱反应5例、中反应2例、强反应1例。结论考虑到国产疫苗价格低廉,水痘疫情的流行,做好国产水痘疫苗、加强免疫接种非常重要,能够保证儿童健康成长。

Objective To discuss the immunogenicity of domestic varicella vaccine after booster immunization. Methods A total of 200 children aged 3~4 years old who were boosted by domestic varicella vaccine were divided into 3-year-old group(100 cases) and 4-year-old group(100 cases). Analysis were made on levels of varicella antibodies in children of different ages before vaccination, the positive rate of children of different ages with negative antibodies after vaccination, the increase of antibodies in children of different ages after vaccination more than four times, and the abnormal reactions in 200 children after vaccination. Results Before vaccination, 3-year-old group had obviously higher positive rate of varicella antibody as 77.00% than 64.00% in 4-year-old group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in positive conversion rate of antibodies after vaccination(P>0.05). 4-year-old group and 3-year-old group had increase rate of antibodies after vaccination more than four times respectively as 76.00% and 71.00%, and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). There were 8 abnormal reactions in 200 children after vaccination, including 5 cases of weak reaction, 2 cases of moderate reaction and 1 case of strong reaction. Conclusion Considering the low price of domestic vaccines and the prevalence of varicella, it is very important to do a good job of domestic varicella vaccines and strengthen immunization to ensure the healthy growth of children.