康复训练联合膳食干预对慢性精神分裂症患者骨密度的影响研究

Effect of rehabilitation training combined with dietary intervention on bone mineral density in patients with chronic schizophrenia

目的观察康复训练及膳食干预对慢性精神分裂症患者骨密度的影响。方法 128例长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组64例。研究组患者给予康复训练及膳食干预,对照组患者给予常规干预。比较两组患者干预后的营养素摄入量;干预前后骨密度的变化情况;脆性骨折发生情况。结果干预后,研究组患者蛋白质、钙、磷以及维生素A、D等营养素的摄入量均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组患者腰椎及左侧股骨颈的骨密度均显著提高,且研究组患者骨密度均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访6个月,对照组患者发生脆性骨折7例(10.94%);研究组患者发生脆性发骨折1例(1.61%);研究组患者脆性骨折发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论膳食干预联合针对性的康复训练能够改善慢性精神分裂症患者的骨密度,减少脆性骨折的发生。

Objective To observe the effect of rehabilitation training combined with dietary intervention on bone mineral density in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods A totalof 128 long-term hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenic were divided by random number table method into control group and research group, with 64 cases in each group. The research group received rehabilitation training combined with dietary intervention, and the control group received conventional intervention. Comparison were made on nutrient intake after intervention, changes of bone mineral density before and after intervention and occurrence of fragile fracture between the two groups. Results After intervention, the research group had higher intake of protein, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin A, D and other nutrients than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After intervention, both groups had higher bone mineral density of lumbar spine and left femoral neck, and the research group had significantly higher bone mineral density than the control group. Their difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, the control group had 7 cases of fragile fracture(10.94%), and the research group had 1 case of fragile fracture(1.61%). The research group had lower incidence of fragile fracture than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Combination of dietary intervention and targeted rehabilitation training can improve the bone mineral density of patients with schizophrenia and reduce the incidence of fragile fracture.