内蒙古草原牧鸡治蝗效果

Use of Herding Chicken for Control of Locust in Inner Mongolia

我国在牧鸡治蝗的技术规范和治蝗效果上取得了很大的进步,但关于牧鸡轮牧周期对牧鸡治蝗效果方面的研究较少。本研究通过调查牧鸡治蝗期间鸡群的采食量和补饲用量、地面可食蝗虫质量,采取控制牧鸡半径的手段,利用倒推法对理论轮牧周期和治蝗面积进行了研究。结果表明,在固定半径为150 m的轮牧面积内,随着虫口密度的降低,单位鸡群的轮牧周期呈现升高趋势,虫口密度在30头/m^2时的轮牧周期高达7.8 d,以90 d为一个防治周期计算,其防治周期的轮牧次数为11次,单位鸡群(每1000只定义为1个单位鸡群)的理论控制面积为77.77 hm^2,折合每只牧鸡一个防治周期的理论控制面积为0.08 hm^2,并且随着虫口密度的降低,理论控制面积呈现升高趋势。本研究为内蒙古草原牧鸡治蝗工作的开展提供了重要的理论支撑。

Great technical progress has been made in locust control by herding chicken in China,but few studies have been conducted on the effect of rotational herding chicken on locust control.In this paper,the theoretical data of herding cycle and control area were calculated from the relationship between food intake,supplementary fodder amount and locusts quality by adjusting the herding radius.The results showed that,within a fixed herding radius of 150 m,the herding cycle of a chicken unit(1,000 chickens)increased with the decrease of locust density.The herding cycle was up to 7.8 days when locust density was 30 per square meter,which corresponded to herding cycles of 11 times within a locust control period of 90 days,or a theoretical locust control area of 77.77 hm^2 per chicken unit or theoretical locust control area of 0.08 hm^2 per chicken.The theoretical locust control area showed an increasing trend with the decrease of locust density.These results provide important theoretical support for the control of locust in Inner Mongolia.