水貂血液阿留申病病毒及其抗体的检测与分析

Analysis and detection of aleutian disease virus and its antibody in circulating blood of farmed minks

为了确定鉴定阿留申病的适宜方法,尤其在阿留申病毒高感染貂场,本试验联合应用对流免疫电泳(CIEP)和PCR方法,对1个貂场连续2年于11~12月间检测1次貂血液的阿留申病毒及其抗体。用CIEP检测产仔(断乳成活数≥5只/窝)母貂及其仔貂。通过比较貂群的检测结果来分析2种检测方法鉴别阿留申病貂的适用性。2次检测结果显示各貂群CIEP阳性率为60%~97%,PCR阳性率为20%~63%,水貂的CIEP与PCR检测阳性结果不完全匹配。根据CIEP和PCR联合检测结果,貂群被分为4个群体CIEP+PCR+、CIEP-PCR-、CIEP-PCR+和CIEP+PCR-。2次检测的CIEP+PCR-貂在当年母貂中分别占48%、39%,在老母貂中分别占43%、77%,在公貂中分别占21%、51%。2次检测的CIEP+PCR-貂在貂群所占比例大,而CIEP-PCR-和CIEP-PCR+貂在貂群中所占比例小。公貂、老母貂经PCR阳性淘汰间隔1年再次检测,CIEP+PCR-貂在群体中比例明显提高。产仔2~4年龄母貂有72%~80%CIEP+貂,而其60日龄仔貂仅有11%~16%CIEP+貂。结果分析指出,中国阿留申病病毒高感染率养殖貂群不适宜单纯采用CIEP检测淘汰阳性貂净化阿留申病。发现每年11至12月用CIEP和PCR联合检测貂血样,易检出CIEP+PCR-的潜在阿留申病毒感染康复貂。

To determine the suitability of the current methods for the diagnosis of aleutian disease in a mink ranch with high seroprevalence of aleutian disease virus.A combination of counter-immune electrophoresis(CIEP)and PCR tests were used to detected aleutian disease virus(ADV)and the antibody to ADV from mink circulating blood between November and December once a year for two consecutive years in a mink ranch.The dams were selected together with their kits based on the litter size,(≥5healthy kits per litter),and CIEP was used to detect the antibody to ADV.The results obtained from different mink herds were analyzed to determine whether PCR and CIEP tests is suitable for the diagnosis of Aleutian disease in the special period.Testing results showed that the positive percentages in a mink herd ranged from 60%to 88%in CIEP test and from 31%to 63%in PCR test.CIEP positive mink did not completely match those in positive PCR.The experimental minks could be divided into four groups based on the CIEP and PCR results,which were as follows:CIEP+PCR+,CIEP-PCR-,CIEP-PCR+ and CIEP+PCR-.In the two detections,percentage for CIEP + PCR-was 48% and 39%in the yearling mink,21% and 51%in sires,43% and 77%in old dams.The results showed there was a higher proportion for CIEP+PCR-,but lower proportion for CIEP-PCR-or CIEP-PCR+.Percentage for CIEP + PCRwas significantly increased 34%(77%,43%)in old dams,and(30%,51%)in sires(through culling PCR positive mink.Percentage for positive CIEP varied from 72%to 80%in the two-year-old or older dams with good calving performance,while it varied from 11%to 16%in their sixty-day-old kits.The results indicated that long-term breeding mink herd had high seroprevalence of Aleutian disease virus,it is inappropriate for the elimination of Aleutian disease to cull the positive mink only by CIEP.We found that between November and December,the combination of CIEP and PCR tests is appropriate to screen minks for CIEP+ PCR-using circulating blood,which may be recovery from ADV hiddent infection.