抗菌肽高表达量黄粉虫对肉鸡免疫功能的影响

Effects of high-level expression of antimicrobial peptides in Tenebrio molitor on immune function in broilers

为探讨饲粮中添加抗菌肽高表达量黄粉虫对肉鸡免疫器官指数、抗体滴度、T淋巴细胞转化率的影响。本试验以玉米和豆粕为主要原料配制饲粮,采用单因子随机区组设计,选择1日龄雌雄各半、体质量相近、健康的爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡300只,测体质量后随机分为3个组,分别为对照组、黄粉虫未诱导组和黄粉虫诱导组,每组5个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,未诱导组和诱导组分别用未诱导和诱导的2%黄粉虫粉等量替代基础日粮中的鱼粉。试验期42d。结果显示,21日龄时,黄粉虫诱导组的脾脏指数显著高于对照组(P=0.042),黄粉虫诱导组的法氏囊指数较未诱导组和对照组分别提高11.62%和24.16%,但差异不显著(P=0.225),黄粉虫诱导组的胸腺指数极显著高于未诱导组和对照组(P=0.009),分别提高21.36%和39.92%。21日龄时,各组肉鸡的NDV抗体滴度均未表现出显著差异(P=0.282);42日龄时,黄粉虫诱导组的NDV抗体滴度显著高于未诱导组和对照组(P=0.014);黄粉虫诱导组外周血淋巴细胞转化率显著高于未诱导组和对照组(P=0.002)。可见饲粮中添加抗菌肽高表达量黄粉虫可促进肉鸡免疫器官的发育,提高肉鸡血液中抗体含量和淋巴细胞转化率,显著提高肉鸡免疫力。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of high-level expression of antimicrobial peptides in T.molitor on the immune organ indices,antibody titers and T lymphocyte transformation rate of broiler.Corn and soybean were used as basal diet,single factor randomized block was designed.A total of three hundreds one-day-old AA broilers(half male,half famale)with similar relative body quality were randomly divided into 3groups with 5replicates in each group and20 broilers in each replicate.The control group was not fed T.molitor,treatment group 1was fed with no induced T.molitor powder and treatment group 2was fed with induced T.molitor powder in 2% diet as substitute for fishmeal.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:the spleen index in T.molitor induced group was significantly higher than that in control group on the 21-day-old broiler(P=0.042).The bursal index in T.molitorinduced group was increased by 11.62%and 24.16%compared with that in uninduced group and control group respectively,but the difference was not significant.The thymus index in T.molitor induced group was significantly higher than that in uninduced group and the control group(P = 0.009),and was increased by 21.36% and 39.92% respectively.NDV antibody titers in each group did not show a significant difference(P =0.282).On the 42 d,NDV antibody titers in induced group were significantly higher than those in uninduced and control groups(P=0.014),and lymphocytes conversion rate of peripheral blood in induced group were significantly higher than those in uninduced and control groups(P=0.002).In conclusion,adding 2% high-level expression of antimicrobial peptides in T.molitorto the diets can promote the growth of immune organs,improve blood antibody levels,increase lymphocyte transformation rate and significantly improve the immunity of broilers.