中兽药驱虫复方制剂防治海水养殖中盾纤毛虫的临床试验研究

Clinical assessment of traditional Chinese medicine compound on the ciliate parasite in marine aquaculture

目的:评价中兽药驱虫复方制剂对海水养殖中常见盾纤毛虫的临床杀虫效果。方法:从三疣梭子蟹抱卵亲蟹体表分离盾纤毛虫,利用显微镜活体观察法进行分类鉴定,采用体外培养和活体人工感染相结合的方法进行临床效果评价,以福尔马林为对照,检测不同剂量中兽药复方制剂的杀虫效果。结果:亲蟹卵表面的盾纤毛虫外部形态特征与水滴伪康纤虫相似,但对福尔马林和中兽药复方制剂的耐受性明显强于后者,初步鉴定为水滴伪康纤虫相似种;在体外培养和活体人工感染条件下,中兽药复方制剂杀虫率随药物浓度的增加而提高,适宜浓度为1 000 mg/L,药浴72 h杀虫率达70%以上。结论:中兽药复方制剂对水滴伪康纤虫相似种有一定的杀虫效果,可用于海水养殖盾纤毛虫病的防治。

Objective:To assess the clinical effects of the newly developed traditional Chinese medicine compound on common ciliate parasite in marine aquaculture.Method:The classification and identification of ciliate parasites isolated from the surface of portunus trituberculatus eggs were carried out by microscopic observation.Clinical insecticidal efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine compound at different dose were evaluated by the combination method of culture in vitro and artificial infection in vivo,in which formalin was selected as the control.Results:Morphological characteristics of the pathogenic ciliate parasite isolated from portunus trituberculatus eggs were similar to those of Pseudocohnilembus persalinus,but with a significant higher tolerance to formalin or traditional Chinese medicine compound,and it was preliminarily identified as the ciliate parasite Pseudocohnilembus persalinus similar species.Under culture in vitro and artificial infection in vivo condition,the traditional Chinese medicine compound showed insecticidal effects on ciliate parasite,and the insecticidal rate increased in a dose dependent manner.The optimum dose was suggested to be 1 000 mg·L-1,with the higher insecticidal rate than 70%after 72 h medicated bath.Conclusion:The traditional Chinese medicine compound had the certain insecticidal effect on the ciliate parasite Pseudocohnilembus persalinus similar species,and could be used in the prevention and control of ciliate parasite in marine aquaculture.