高铁对吉林省旅游地域系统空间结构的影响

Impact of High-speed Railways on Spatial Structure of Regional Tourism System in Jilin Province

高铁是旅游地域系统要素中重要的一部分。选取2010年与2016年两个典型年份,采用加权平均旅行时间指标研究吉林省9个地级市(州)交通通达性的变化;运用首位度、位序—规模法则和旅游赫芬达尔指数三个指标分析了高铁对吉林省旅游地域系统空间结构的影响,并在此基础上探讨其作用机制。结果表明:高铁的开通提高了吉林省旅游地域系统整体交通水平,沿线城市交通改善率明显高于非沿线城市,拓展了沿线城市"一日交流圈"的辐射范围,产生了明显的"时空压缩"效应;对旅游者出游意愿、客源市场格局、旅游吸引力产生影响,进而削弱了核心区域极化效应,使空间结构形态逐渐趋于均衡,对吉林省旅游业发展产生了积极效应。

Two typical years,2010 and 2016,were selected for comparing. Change of traffic accessibility of nine prefecture-level cities in Jilin Province was studied by using the weighted average travel time indicator. Impact of high-speed railways on the spatial structure of regional tourism system in Jilin Province was analyzed by using urban primacy,rank-size rule and travel Herfindahl Index( HI). On the basis of this,its mechanism was explored. The results showed that the opening of the high-speed railway improved overall traffic level of Jilin Province regional tourism system,traffic improvement rate of cities along the high-speed railway was significantly higher than that of those who were not,extended the radiation scope of daily communication area of the cities along high-speed railway,'time-space compression'effect appeared obviously,affected the tourist holiday wishes,the tourist market pattern and tourism attraction. Opening of the high-speed railway weakened polarization effect of the core region,lets the tourism spatial structure form gradually tended to be balanced and it had a positive effect on tourism development of Jilin Province.