不同生计资产配置的休耕农户福利变化研究——云南省休耕试点区实证

Study on the Changes of Fallow Farmers' Welfare in Different Livelihood Assets Allocation: Empirical Analysis of Yunnan Fallow Pilot Area

研究目的:基于云南省休耕试点区的农户调研数据,定量测算不同生计资产配置的农户休耕前后的福利变化。研究方法:生计资产量化法,模糊评价法。研究结果:(1)研究区总样本的农户福利水平未有明显提升,且不同生计资产配置的休耕农户福利水平变化状况存在差异。休耕后资产富裕型农户的福利水平整体提升幅度最大,除心理状况有所下降外,经济状况、社会保障、景观环境都有所改善;资产均衡型农户的福利水平整体未有明显提升,资产缺乏型农户的福利水平整体有所下降,两类农户除景观环境有所改善外,经济状况、社会保障、心理状况都有不同程度的下降。(2)休耕后农户间的福利水平分化进一步加剧,休耕农户福利水平分布特征呈现出生计资产总值越大、福利水平峰值出现的区间越趋后的特征。研究结论:为缩小不同休耕农户间的福利差异,促进休耕农户福利的均衡发展,建议政府在现有经济补偿的基础上探索补偿对象差异化、补偿方式复合化的补偿方案。

The purpose of paper is to quantitatively measure the welfare changes of farmers before and after fallow in different allocations of livelihood assets, based on the survey data of farmers in the fallow pilot area of Yunnan Province.The research methods of livelihood asset quantification and fuzzy evaluation are adopted. The research results show that: 1)the welfare levels of farmers in the total sample of the study area did not increase significantly, and there were differences in the changes in the welfare levels of fallow farmers with different allocations of livelihood assets. The welfare level of wealthy farmers after fallow experienced the greatest overall improvement, except for the psychological situation, the economic situation, social security, and landscape environment all improved. The welfare level of the asset-balanced farmers did not improve significantly, and the welfare level of the asset-poor farmers declined generally. In addition to the improvement of the landscape environment, the economic conditions, social security and psychological conditions of the two types of farmers declined to varying degrees. 2)After the fallow, the welfare level difference among farmers was further aggravated. The distribution characteristics of the welfare level of the fallow farmer showed that the greater the total value of livelihood assets was, the later the peak of welfare levels appeared. In conclusion, in order to narrow the welfare difference between different fallow farmers and to promote the balanced development of the fallow farmers’ welfare, it is recommended that the government explore the compensation scheme of compensation object differentiation and comprehensive compensation method based on the existing economic compensation.