回归低熵化 还是走向现代化——关于世界农业前途的讨论

Back to Ancients of Low Entropy or Go to Agricultural Modernization?——Discussion on Prospect of Agriculture in the World

20世纪70年代以来,围绕着农业发展前途问题,在世界上,尤其是西方国家,进行着热烈的争论。鉴于对资源环境的担忧,有些环境保护主义者主张农业走回归、低熵化、低投入、自然农业的道路,他们反对农业现代化,反对农业的外部投入,尤其是化石能的投入;另一些人则不赞成这种极端的复古思潮,主张走向农业现代化、集约化、商品化、持续化。本文从理论与实践两个层面对此进行了初步分析讨论,并提出了中国实现农业现代化、走集约持续农业道路的设想。

Since the seventies of 20th century there has been the discussion on the prospect of agriculture in the world. Owing to the concern about the problems of natural resources and environment some environmental groups advocate 'back to ancients','low input' and 'natural farming ' in agriculture. They disagree the way of agricultural modernization, the input from outside, especially the input of fossil energy. On the other side these views of regression have been criticized by some scholars, who promote the way of agricultural modernization and intensive sustainable agriculture. In this paper different views mentioned above are analyzed from the theoretical and practical respects and the idea of agricultural modernization with intensivesustainable farming in China are advanced.