关于改进中医诊断学“问诊”内容与方法的思考

Bettering interrogation contents and methods in the teaching of Chinese Diagnostics

就问诊的重要性、教学内容与教学方法提出了一些观点:问诊是中医诊察疾病的基本方法之一,它不仅在全面系统了解病情、获取病人资料中占有很重要的地位,而且还具有健康教育与咨询、心理治疗的作用。因此,问诊的地位与意义在四诊中当居首位。随着疾病谱的演变及症状学的深入研究,现有《中医诊断学》教材中问“现在症”的内容也应在以往基础上进行相应的拓宽与修订,使之更加符合临床实际,满足临床辨证的需求。问诊技能也是问诊教学中不可忽视的内容,因此,问诊教学不应停留在问诊内容介绍的水平,还需采取一些方法、手段加强对学生问诊技能的传授与培养。

This paper offers several points on the importance, teaching contents and methods concerning interrogation. Interrogation is a basic way of observing and diagnosing diseases in Chinese medicine. It plays an important role not onl y in getting information about diseases and patients, but also in health educati on and consultation, and psychological treatment. Therefore it takes the first p lace in the four diagnostic methods of asking patient's case history. With furt her research onto semiology, present textbook contents of Chinese Diagnostics sh ould be broadened accordingly with the part of asking present symptoms so as to tally with requirements of clinical practice and symptom differentiation. Quest ioning technique is also a must in the teaching process. Interrogation teaching should leap over the level of pure introduction of asking symptoms, some methods and means should be added to foster students' questioning techniques.