可卡因成瘾的转化和反向转化研究:未来的药物治疗

Translational and reverse translational research in cocaine addiction:future medications

可卡因(cocaine)成瘾是一种经历依赖性精神障碍,其在医疗、社会和经济等方面所造成的危害日益严重。近年来,通过动物模型的临床前研究,我们加深了对可卡因成瘾的神经化学机制的了解。这些新的知识,促进了对可卡因成瘾的"bench-to-bed"的转化研究。同时,越来越标准化的药物治疗也促进了药物成瘾的"clinie-to-bench"的反向转化研究。本文综述了近年来可卡因成瘾的转化与反向转化研究的最新进展,重点介绍多巴胺和谷氨酸系统在调节中脑边缘奖赏环路中的作用以及在新药转化研究中的重要贡献。

Cocaine addiction is an experience-dependent psychiatric disorder and is a growing problem in medical,social,and economic perspectives.Recent preclinical studies in animal models have substantially advanced our knowledge on the neurochemical basis underlying enduring cocaine dependence.Those novel pieces of knowledge have greatly facilitated benchto-bed translational research aimed to discover effective pharmacotherapies for treating cocaine addiction in humans.Meanwhile,standardized therapeutic agents can be used in clinic-to-bench reverse translational research to validate and refine animal models of drug addiction.This review summarizes recent progress in translational and reverse translational research in cocaine dependence by mainly targeting the dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems in the mesolimbic circuitry.