走向后经学时代的文学之思——关于王国维文学研究的重新认识

Chinese Literary Thoughts After the Era of Class ical Learning:——A Re-understanding on Wang Guo-wei’s Literary Studies

以经学作为理论资源 ,运用经学的意识形态、思维模式、话语方式来定义和评判文学是中国传统文论的主流。时至 2 0世纪初 ,经学对人们文学思考的控制却难以为继。此时王国维的一系列文学研究活动颇引人注目 ,尤其是《红楼梦评论》、《人间词话》和《宋元戏曲史》分别在小说论、词论、戏曲论三个领域消除了经学眼光 ,尝试了新型的文学批评模式和文学研究方法 ,其基本思路、价值体系和主要术语 ,都已凸现出“后经学”文论的特征 ,成为中国文论走出经学时代的第一人。

The Confucian Classical Learning playe d a dominant role in the traditional Chinese literary theory, which constructed the main theoretical resources, the basic way of thinking and the most common wa y of expression. However, the control of Classical Learning to literary thoughts came to its end in the 20th century. At the turning point, Wang Guo-wei’s lite rary studies were very noticeable, especially the three famous works, which sepa rately concentrating on novel, ci(词)and traditional opera, destructed the logic of Classical Learning, introduced the western Aesthetics to Chinese liter ary critique, and attempted the new model of literary study. From then on, Chine se literary thoughts were obviously endowed with modern color. So, Wang’s endea vor greatly promoted Chinese literary theory to depart from Classical Learning a nd become a modern discipline.