菠菜矮花叶病的研究

STUDIES ON STUNT MOSAIC DISEASE OF SPINACH

1981年5月京郊菠菜留种地发生菠菜矮花叶病。染病植株呈现畸形花叶,严重矮缩,影响抽薹结籽。通过病毒寄主范围的测定证明,它可侵染豆科、茄科、藜科、十字花科中的19种植物。可由桃蚜进行非持久性传毒。从提纯病毒的分析超离心得到三个沉降值,分别为57s、94s和113s。在电镜下观察到球形病毒颗粒,直径为24～25毫微米。根据现有资料分析,引起菠菜矮花叶病的病毒系为蚕豆萎蔫病毒的一个株系。

A spinach stunt mosaic virs was isolated in spring of 1981 on thespinach field of the outskirts of Beijing.The spinach infected with thisvirus appeared dark green and with yellow mosaic.The leaves werecrinkle and malformed,then the plants were severly stunted. The host range has been tested by sap inoculation.The virus caninfect 19 species of plants including families Leguminosae,Solanacea,Chenopodiacea etc.It is transmissible by aphid (Myzus percicae)in non-persistant manner.The thermal inactivation point is 70℃,dilutionend point—10^(-4)～10^(-5) and longevity in vitro—3 days. The virus was purified from Chenopodium quinoa or Gomphrena globosaby means of chloroform clarification,10％ PEG-6000 precipitation andtwo cycles of differential centrifugation.Electron microscopy revealedthat the isometric virus particles are 24-25 nm in diameter.The exami-nation of sedimentation parttern of this virus has given three S va-lues,57S,94S,113S.The titer of antiserum prepared to this virus is1:512. From data obtained here a tentative conclusion has been made,thatthe agent of spinach stunt mosaic disease is a strain of broad bean wiltvirus.