防治水稻害虫新型杀虫剂硫环杀的试验研究

STUDIES ON A NEW INSECTICIDE—THIOCYCLAM HYDROGEN OXALATE FOR THE CONTROL OF RICE INSECTS

通过三年室内和田间试验,发现硫环杀对防治水稻害虫具有突出的优点,它与杀螟丹、杀虫双都属于同类新型结构的杀虫剂。硫环杀田间亩用量75克防治水稻二化螟、三化螟其效果与杀虫脒、杀螟丹、杀虫双在一个水平上。根区深层施药可兼治水稻多种害虫,并可提高防治效果。残效期可维持7～14天,田间施药1～2次可控制螟害,它不仅具有良好的内吸和触杀作用,还兼有胃毒和熏蒸作用。硫环杀属神经毒剂,对螟虫具有特殊的中毒症状及毒杀机制,对高等动物属中等毒性,无致癌、致突变作用,也不会引起畸胎的形成。根据硫环杀的理化特性、代谢、转化等残留分析,它积累在环境中或食物链上可能性不大,可以取代有机氯农药,其特殊的毒杀机制在克服害虫抗药性方面,可能作为轮换的一个新品种。它是一个很有希望的杀虫剂。

Based on the results of three years laboratory and field experiments,it was found that thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate is very effectiveagainst the rice striped borer (Chilo suppressalis),the yellow stemborer (Tryporyza incertulas),the rice leaf folder (Chaphalocrocis medi-nalis) and the rice thrip (Baliothrips biformis).The charateristics,effec-tiveness and the mode of action of thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate is dis-cussed.Results of root-zone application showed that thiocyclam hydro-gen oxalate is also a good systemic insecticide,when used at a rate of1.5 kg ai/ha.It is very effective in controlling rice borers and thripsby roof-zone application. In view of the fact that thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate belongs to anovel class of insecticides including cartap,and "dimehypo" which pre-sumably acts by the interruption of the nerve impulse transmission atthe synapses by blocking the acetylcholine receptors,it is a promisingcompound for the control of rice insects resistant to organochlorine,or-ganophosphorus and caroamate insecticides.