从新疆哈密瓜分离到的烟草坏死病毒及其理化性质的研究

ON TEH TOBACCO NECROSIS VIRUS ISOLATED FROM HAMIMELON IN XINJIANG AND ITS CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

从自然感病的哈密瓜上分离到的烟草坏死病毒(TNV),其寄主范围较广,在藜科、苋科、豆科和茄科一些植物上呈局部坏死反应,并在葫芦科一些植物上呈局部坏死斑和系统花叶症状。病毒的热灭活点为90～95℃,稀释限点10^(-5)～10^(-6),体外保毒期在10天以上。病毒颗粒呈六角形,直径约25毫微米。提纯病毒的紫外吸收,最高260毫微米,最低为245毫微米;沉降常数为94s。从病毒提取的核酸的紫外吸收,最高为260毫微米,最低234毫微米;经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定,核酸分子量为1.4×10~6;病毒蛋白的分子量为2.75×10~4。经血清学试验,该病毒与烟草花叶病毒的A型和D型的抗血清发生沉淀反应,而与黄瓜坏死病毒的抗血清无沉淀反应。

Tobacco necrosis virus has been isolated from naturally infected Hami-melon in Xinjiang.Its host range is broad.It causes local lesions on some plants of Chenopodiaceae,Leguminosae,Amarantaceae and Solanaceae;necrosis spots and systamic symtoms appear on some plants of Cucurbi-taceae.In sap from infected tobacco,the thermal inactivation point isbetween 90～95℃,the dilution end point is 10^(-5)～10^(-6),and its longvityin vitro(at 20℃)is over 10 days.It is a isometric virus particles with25nm in diamiter.It gives a single band of precipitate in agar gel diffusion when it reacted with antiserum against TNV-A or TNV-D,but not with antiserum of CNV.The sedimentation coefficient of the virus particlesis 94s.UV-absorbance curve of purified virus,at 260nm is maxamum,at 245nm is minimum;UV-maximum absorbanes of virus RNA is at 260nm,at 234nm is minimum.Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of Virus-RNAand-protein shows that their molecular weights are about 1.4×10^(-6) and2.75×10^(-4) respectively.