试析犯罪客体在犯罪构成中的必要地位

To Analyses the Necessary Status of Crime Object in the Existing Criminal Constitution

对犯罪客体,理论界的认识存在很大分歧。就犯罪客体的本质而言,社会关系说更能体现我国刑事立法的宗旨,即犯罪客体是指刑法所保护的、被犯罪行为所侵害的社会关系。在我国借鉴苏联而来的四要件犯罪构成体系下,犯罪客体的存在有其必要性。犯罪客体作为一个构成要件,在犯罪构成体系中有着不可替代的作用。备受争议的正当化事由与犯罪构成的矛盾冲突也正是通过犯罪客体要件得到合理解释的。

There are great differences in the understanding of the object of crime and the theory circle. In terms of the essence of the object of crime, the theory of social relations can better reflect the purpose of criminal legislation in China, that is to say, the object of crime refers to the social relationship protected by criminal law and infringed upon by criminal acts. In the system of the four elements crime, which is borrowed from the Soviet Union, the existence of the object of crime is necessary. As an important component, the object of crime plays an irreplaceable role in the constitution of crime. The conflict between the disputed justification and the constitution of crime is explained by the object of crime.