企业探索性创新与开发性创新的资源基础及其匹配性研究

A Study on the Resource-based View of Explorative Innovation and Exploitative Innovation of the Firm and its Fitness

企业拥有的资源基础决定了其创新形式的选择,而选择不同的创新形式将会对企业绩效产生差异化影响。本文将资源分为知识性资源、财产性资源和混合性资源,并考虑资源嵌入组织的程度,形成了资源的通用性、模块化和互补性三种性质。研究发现知识性资源有利于探索性创新、财产性资源有利于开发性创新。我们还发现无论什么类型的资源,只要企业加强互补性就有利于开发性创新;而知识性资源强化了互补性之后会使其对探索性创新产生消极影响。因此在实践中,企业应针对其拥有的资源基础来选择不同的创新形式,或者根据自己的创新战略方向来获取不同形式的资源。

Different innovation type will lead to different performance and the innovation type depends on the resource endowment of the firm. This study divides firm resources into knowledge-based resource,property-based resource and mixed resource. Considering resource embedded in firms,we characterize firm resource as generality,modularity and complementary. Our findings reveal that propertybased resource can facilitate exploitative innovation and knowledge-based resource is beneficial to explorative innovation. No matter what kind of resource that firm has,more complementary resource will facilitate exploitative innovation. However,more complementary with knowledge-based resource will negatively affect explorative innovation. So in practice,firms should select proper innovation type according to their resource endowment or they can acquire different resource according to their strategic orientation.