集群科技政策全要素关键路径及企业响应效果研究

A Study of the Industrial Cluster Technology S. & T. Policy Total Factor Critical Paths and Firm Response Effect

区域科技政策正面临着高效实施和积极响应双重挑战,因此产业集群科技政策实施和响应机理受到诸多学者的重视。很少有学者从政策要素及路径选择的视角实证分析集群科技政策关键路径及响应效果。文章结合社会结构矩阵和网络拓扑分析方法构建了路径关键度模型,提出"文本挖掘—要素网络—矩阵绘图—拓扑分析—统计验证"的政策路径研究框架,基于布尔权重筛选出12项关键要素,实证分析了政策要素作用路径及响应效果。研究表明:政策作用可以抽象成为要素传导刺激网络;全要素作用路径关键度相对最高,对企业创新的激励效果最好;创新不同阶段中资金和资源的需求是企业响应政策的基础。政策要素在5%的显著水平上,前期呈现出每增加1%资金投入可提升33.7%-43.8%的创新收入,但其效果逐渐减弱;后期主要靠资源带动企业创新,每增加1%资源投入可提升47%左右的创新收入和成果。最后提出了相应的政策建议。研究结果既能够对政府规划和决策提供启示,也能够为企业响应政策创新提供策略参考。

With the emerging of policy that could improve technology innovation performance,S. & T. policy of industrial cluster is facing the dual challenge of efficient implementation and positive response. Thus more and more scholars pay much attention to research the mechanism of the policy implementation and response. However,few scholars did empirical analysis on the industrial cluster technology S. & T. policy total factor critical paths and response effect from the perspective of policy elements and path selection. With the social fabric matrix and network topology combining and follow recent literature,this paper presents a path criticality model and 'text mining-elements network-matrix and digraph-topology-statistics' framework. Based on Boolean weighting,the paper filters out 12 key factors and carries out an empirical study to analyze the effect of policy factors action paths and response. This study evidences that the policy effect can be abstracted into a factors conductive stimulus network; total factor path's criticality is higher than others and the effect also is better; the foundation of policy's firm response is funds and resources requirement in different innovation phases. What's more,it finds out the innovative revenue improves from 33. 7% to 43. 8% for every 1% increase in policy capital investment and the innovative fruits improves about 47% for every 1% increase in policy resources supply at the significance level of 5 percent,but the funds' investment effect becomes less and less and the resources becomes more and more. Finally,related policy recommendations have been proposed. The study gives empirical support to policy makers and business leaders for maintaining appropriate innovation growth rate.